physics in current

2010年12月30日星期四

Schrödinger equation

the Schrödinger equation is a mathematical formula that physicists use to study quantum mechanics. It is a mathematical equation that was thought of by Erwin Schrödinger in 1925. It shows how particles act in lots of time based situations. It can predict the position and velocity of a particle (where it is and how fast it is moving) at a certain time. It cannot be very accurate, however, because of the uncertainty principle. It uses something called a wavefunction to make questions about how the particle acts. The wavefunction is a picture of how this particle acts with time and describes the particle as fully as possible.
For one particle that only moves in one direction other than time, the Schrödinger equation looks like:
i\hbar\frac{\partial}{\partial t} \Psi(\mathbf{x},\,t) = \hat H \Psi(\mathbf{x},\,t)
where:
i is the square root of minus one
\hbar is the reduced Planck's constant
t is time
x is a place in space
\psi(\mathbf{x},\,t) is the wavefunction
\hat H is the Hamiltonian energy operator

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